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BURSA - GENERAL INFORMATION
Bursa, the 5th biggest city of Turkey,
is located on the north-west skirts of the Mount Uludağ
and the south-east of The Marmara Sea.
Bursa is settled on the north-west
slopes of the Mount Uludağ in the South of Marmara Region.
It is bordered by The Marmara Sea and Yalova on the
north, Kocaeli and Sakarya on the north-east, Bilecik
on the east and Kütahya and Balıkesir on the south.
Our city was founded and developed
on the slopes of the Mount Uludağ. Since it is a convenient
place for defence, the first settlement was on the rocks
of the slopes. After the city was captured from the
Byzantine Empire, many structures were built especially
when it was the capital city of the Ottoman Empire.
After 1940s, it has expanded towards the plain. Being
on the first degree earthquake zone, it was widely affected
by the earthquakes which took place in 1855 and 1905.
After becoming the capital of the Ottoman Empire, it
had developed rapidly and the roads coming from the
Middle East countries via Anatolia were headed towards
it. As a result, the city had become one of the main
centres of trade, industry and culture in the 15th century.
Some sources indicate that its population was over 100.000
even then. Being 2543 m. The Mount Uludag is the highest
point of the city. There are two big lakes within the
borders of the city. One of them is Lake İznik, the
biggest lake of the Marmara Region, and the other is
Lake Ulubat. The major river of the city is Nilüfer
Brook, which is a branch of Susurluk River. Nilüfer
Brook, which joints many small streams all of which
spring from Mount Uludağ, waters the Bursa Plain. There
are many large and fertile plains within the borders
of Bursa. The major one of them is the Bursa Plain.
Also, Yenişehir, İnegöl, Karacabey, Orhangazi and İznik
Plains with their fertile soils are the places where
the vegetal production is intensive.
Besides it natural riches, green
texture, healing waters, and summer and winter tourism
opportunities, Bursa, which carries the residential
and architectural characteristics of the Ottoman and
Republic periods into the present, has a unique cultural
and historical inheritance.
Having 27 archaeological, 1 natural,
3 urban cite areas, 2042 memoir, religious and civil
structure requiring protection, Bursa has been known
as "GREEN BURSA" with its green texture, spring
waters and healing thermal springs and it has been frequented
by many travellers and historians charmed by its spiritual
structure that keeps the Islamic culture alive in our
day as well as in the past. Uludağ (Mount Olympos),
on whose slopes the city was founded, is one of the
places where the first Christian priests retired
into seclusion. At the same time it is the biggest winter
and natural sports centre of Turkey.
Also, İznik, one of the towns of
Bursa, is considered as one of the most important centres
for Christians after Vatican and Jerusalem.
TOWNS: Osmangazi, Yıldırım, Nilüfer,
Gürsu, Gemlik, Kestel, Mudanya, İznik, Orhangazi, Karacabey,
Mustafa Kemal Paşa, İnegöl, Yenişehir, Keles, Orhaneli,
Büyükorhan, Harmancık.
PLACES OF INTEREST: Natural Park
of Uludağ; Çekirge, Armutlu, Oylat, Gemlik Thermal Springs;
Armutlu, Kumla, Kurşunlu Beaches; city walls of Prusa;
Nikaia (İznik), Miletopolis (Karacabey), Mirlea (Mudanya),
Kirmastı (Mustafa Kemal Paşa), Atranos (Orhaneli), Neopolis
(Yenişehir) ancient cities; Ayasofya, Koimesis, Hagios
Churches, Necropol, Palace and Hipogeum of Nikaia; Orhan
Mosque and Complex; Bursa and Karacabey Ulumosques;
Yıldırım Bedesten; Yıldırım, Yeşil, Hüdavendigar, Muradiye, Koca Sinan Paşa Complexes; Bursa Archeological, Bursa
Atatürk, Bursa Turkish Islamic Art, Mudanya Armistice
Museums.
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